Indigenous peoples lived in Connecticut for over 12,000 years before their numbers were decimated by the European conquest that began just four hundred years ago. The area’s streams, rivers, wetlands, forests, fields, and the Sound provided Native peoples with the ample resources they needed for gathering, fishing, hunting, farming, and making tools.
Native tribes that lived in Connecticut include the Pequots, Mohegans, Paugussetts, and Schaghticokes. The names of many places in Connecticut still reflect the presence of Native peoples, including Shetucket, Quinnebaug, Housatonic, Quinnipiac, Noank, Mystic, Hammonassett, and even the name Connecticut. The Paugussetts occupied the Danbury area and there are Paugussett lands located in Colchester, along with a single quarter acre in Trumbull.
The Paugassetts ("where the narrows open out") occupied Fairfield, Litchfield and parts of New Haven Counties. They were made up of five tribes: Paugussett Proper, Paugussett Minor, Pequannock, Pootatuck and Weantinock. They were mainly a farming and fishing community and they were part of the wampum trade - a form of currency used by the more politically and socially sophisticated tribes. In Connecticut, the Mohegans, Pequots, and Narragansetts also used wampum as currency. (Wampum was the purple and white shiny core found in hard shell clams along the North Atlantic coast.) The Paugussetts spoke an Iroquoian dialect and they governed in the Algonquian way, which is the framework that embodies how a tribe is governed.
Today there are six tribal lands in Connecticut representing five tribes. They include:
Take a moment to engage with the vibrant culture of the country's indigenous peoples and to learn about the destruction of the indigenous people who called Connecticut and the rest of the United States their home for thousands of centuries. There are museums located very nearby to visit, documentaries and feature films to watch, podcasts to listen to, and e-books and print books to read. (The print books are on display on the first floor of the Haas Library opposite where Einstein's cafe used to be. They are available to check out.)
“Early History.” Connecticut’s Official State Website, CT.Gov, 2024, https://portal.ct.gov/about/early-history. Accessed October 23, 2024.