MLA 9th Edition - Basic CItation Formats
CITING WITHIN THE TEXT OF THE PAPER
MLA format requires parenthetical references rather than formal footnotes. You must indicate where you took your information from and where you used it in your paper. The parenthetical citation refers to an item in your works cited list. Here is an example: (Kaku, 55) where Kaku is the author and 55 is the page in the work that has ideas, facts or words you are incorporating into your text. If you mention the author’s name, Kaku, in your discussion, you need only note the page (55). If multiple works by an author appear in the list of works cited, use part of the title of the work to distinguish which publication you are referring to. Examples:
Finlay in his History of Art uses illustrations of famous works of art to underline the developing use of color (43
An important development in the history of art was Henry’s use of flax to make linen sails and artists discovery of this medium followed (Finlay, History of Art 44).
Footnotes and Endnotes
The 9th edition of the MLA Handbook states in Chapter 7 that though “the MLA’s system of documentation relies on in-text references . . . sometimes a note is needed to provide commentary or additional information.” If notes are used
(either endnote or footnote), the number of the note would appear in the text[1] and the note would be at the bottom of the page or at the end of the paper in this format:
[1] Several other studies offer more insight into the additional findings of the survey. See Pyle, 56-60, Smith and Jones, 14 and Temple 80-82.
WORKS CITED LIST – Citing Print Books and Dissertations
Entire Book, One Author
Finlay, Victoria. The Brilliant History of Color in Art. The John P. Getty Museum, 2014.
Entire Book, Two Authors
MacLaury, Robert E., and Galina V. Paramei. Anthropology of Color: Interdisciplinary
Multilevel Modeling. Benjamins, 2007.
Entire Book, Three or More Authors
Quirk, Randolph, et al. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. Longman, 1985.
Entire Book, Corporate Author
National Research Council. Beyond Six Billion: Forecasting the World’s Population. National
Academy, 2000.
Entire Book, No Author (Anonymous – without an author name)
The Holy Bible. Eng. Standard Version, Crossway-Good News, 2003.
The New York Public Library Desk Reference. Macmillan, 1998.
WORKS CITED LIST - Citing Printed Periodical Articles
Journal Article, One Author
Tibullus, Albius. “How to Be Tibullus.” Translated by David Wray, Chicago Review, vol. 48, no. 4,
2002-03, pp. 102-06.
Journal Article, Two Authors
Brueggeman, Brenda Jo, and Debra A. Moddelmog. “Coming-Out Pedagogy: Risking Identity in.
Language and Literature Classrooms.” Pedagogy, vol. 2, no. 3, 2002, pp. 311-35.
Magazine Article, Signed
Kates, Robert W. “Population and Consumption: What We Know, What We Need to Know.”
Environment, Apr. 2000, pp. 10-19
McEvoy, Dermot. “Little Books, Big Success.” Publishers Weekly, 30 Oct. 2006, pp. 26-28.
WORKS CITED LIST – Citing Nonprint Publications
MLA states that for online materials the first preference for location is the DOI. If that isn’t available use the permalink, then the URL. DOIs stay with the work and are more reliable. Consult your professor on whether to use URLs in your Works Cited list if you have no other location information.
Note: the date you accessed the web version should be used if the item does not have a publication date.
Website page
Spira, Freyda. “Allegories of the Four Continents,” Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: Essays,
https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/alfc/hd_alfc.htm Accessed 28 Sept. 2021.
Periodical Publication in Online Database
Evangelista, Stefano. Review of Victorian and Edwardian Responses to the Italian Renaissance,
edited by John E. Law and Lene Ostermark-Johansen. Victorian Studies, vol. 46, no. 4,
2006, pp. 729-31. www.jstor.org/stable/4618924
Butov, A. A. “Estimating the Parameters of Distributed Productive Just-in-Time Systems.” Automation & Remote Control, vol. 81, no. 3, Mar. 2020, pp. 387–397. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1134/S0005117920030017
Scholarly Journal Published Electronically on the Web
Dionisio, Joao, and Antonio Cortijo Ocana, eds. Mais de pedras que de livros / More Rocks Than
Books. Special issue of eHumanista , vol. 8, 2007, pp. 1-263.
http://www.ehumanista.ucsb.edu /sites/secure.lsit.ucsb.edu.span.d7_eh/files/sitefiles/ehumanista/
Film or Video Recording
It’s a Wonderful Life. Directed by Frank Capra. Performed by James Stewart, Donna Reed, Lionel
Barrymore, and Thomas Mitchell. RKO, 1946. Republic, 2001.
Video Game
Ensemble Studios. Age of Empires. Xbox Game Studios, 1997.
Robot Entertainment and Gas Powered Games. Age of Empires Online. 2017 version, Project
Celeste. https://www.projectceleste.com/. Accessed 11 November 2022.
MLA 9th Edition - Other Formatting Resources
- OWL at Purdue MLA Formatting Guide
These OWL resources will help you learn how to use the Modern Language Association (MLA) citation and format style. This section contains resources on in-text citation and the References page, as well as MLA sample papers, slide presentations, and sample paper.
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MLA Handbook - online version at the MLA Handbook at the MLA website
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Sample papers in MLA Style from the MLA website.
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MLA Citation Style Sheet 9th ediitonContains formatting examples for in text citations and for basic resources, both online and hard copy.
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MLA Handbook for Writhers of Research Papers
Call Number: LB 2369 .G53 2021ISBN: 9781603293518Publication Date: 2021On RESERVE at Haas Library, Reference at Young library, copies in the stacks at Haas.